Water Distribution
Managing a water distribution network comes with many challenges, water leakage is one of them and is associated with a multitude of costs, not only to utilities but also society as a whole. These include both direct and indirect costs, which affects utilities in every activity from planning to operations. Leakages and the costs associated with them are set to increase over time as networks expand and the water distribution network renewal rate is far below than what is needed to maintain the current standard.